Thursday, June 29, 2006

IEC-Summer, June 30th Exam Preparation

Intermediate English Conversation

Mid-Session preparation help.

Your exam has three components

Part One: Listening Comprehension

Part Two: Vocabulary

Part Three: Grammar.

What should you prepare: Units 1-6, plus vocabulary/grammar included in the handouts I gave you:

Listening Comprehension

You’ll listen to the text three times and you will answer questions relating to that text IN THE FULL SENTENCE FORM. One –word answers and incomplete answers will not be accepted.
E.g. You hear: Jessica Alba is going to marry her fiancé.
Question: What is Jessica Alba going to do?
INCORRECT: marry
INCOREECT: marry fiancé
CORRECT: She is going to marry her fiancé.


PART TWO: Vocabulary

Study all the vocabulary [summary starts on page 151] from the book, plus the handouts

Vocabulary might be tested:

- in any form that appears in your workbooks (each unit has a sections entitled vocabulary

- you will be asked to provide the appropriate expression for the definitions provided And an example sentence that will prove you know how to use this expression.
E.g. 1.
Someone who is not willing to spend his or her money is ________________________
Sentence: My uncle never gives me any presents, not even on my birthday: he is a very stingy person.
If you just say: “My uncle is stingy” – your answer will not be accepted. This sentence does not prove that you know how to use the word.
E.g. 2
Someone who rules over other people is _________________________

Sentence: In the marriage of my parents, my mother is a dominant partner.

- you will be asked to make lists of vocabulary. E.g. what makes a hotel a luxury hotel (what does a hotel need to have to be a luxury hotel (unit 3) OR what are appropriate topics for a small talk (unit 1)
- provide the antonyms (the opposites): stingy ______________,
- provide the synonyms: very hot _______________/ very cold _______________


PART THREE: Grammar
All the grammar we covered so far: summary starts on page 143

a) Present Continuous or Present Simple?
My father (work) _______________ in a hospital. He is a paramedic. These days he is very tired and he (think) ________________about retiring.

b) Comparison of adjectives: more…… than/ less……than/ as…… as/ not as ….. as.
2. Mary works every day from 8:00 am – 8:00 pm.
Peter works from 12:00 pm to 4:00 pm.


Peter is __________________________________________________
Peter is__________________________________________________
Mary is __________________________________________________

Peter doesn't like to talk. He barely says a word.
Mary never stops talking.
Peter is__________________________.
Mary is__________________________
Peter is__________________________

c) Jigsaw puzzle questions (an activity similar to ‘the bouncer’ activity) to check your knowledge of making wh- and yes/no questions; subject and object questions.

d) Use the appropriate intensifier (each time use a different one)
The movie was ____________________awesome.
The dinner was __________________ good.
e) Is it past simple or past continuous:
When I (enter) _________________the classroom, my students (drink) ________________soju and (sing) __________________ songs. Shocking!

f) -ed vs. -ing adjectives
I saw a dead rat in the park near my house. I was (use any adjective that you know that would describe how you felt) ___________. It was ______________.

BEC-Summer, Exam Preparation

Your exams will take place on the following dates:

1. Written exam (regular classroom, regular time - 1,5 hours) Monday July 3rd
3. Oral exam (at the time you sign up for, in my office; you don't have to come at any other time!), Tuesday, July 4th.

If you need help with the Oral Exam Preparation, I will be in my office Friday, 2:00 -3:00, and Monday 12:15- 1:30

Written Exam Preparation:

The exam has three parts:

Listening Comprehension
Vocabulary testing
Grammar Testing.

Part One: Listening Comprehension.

You will be given a set of 10 questions that you will answer in the full sentence form, not in incomplete answers and one-word answers.
Example:
You hear: He and his wife go camping each weekend.

Question: How do they spend their weekend?
Incorrect: camping
Incorrect: go camping.
Correct: They go camping.

Only perfectly correct answers score full points. Grammar and spelling mistakes will cost you points. You have the scripts, you have the CD, you have no valid excuse to do poorly on the listening part.

Part Two: Vocabulary.

The way I would possibly test vocabulary:
Any form of testing in your workbook (each chapter has a vocabulary testing part – do it!)
Or:

You may be asked to list:

a) weekend and leisure activities (Unit 1) [approx. 10].
b) Sicknesses and injuries (Unit 2)
c) important events in an ordinary person’s life (being born, starting school, etc.)
d) things you can do while traveling around the world: Canada, Australia, India, etc. (unit 4)
e) 10 things you should or shouldn’t do in either business/studying English/ cultural differences.
E.g. "Usually in many Islamic countries you ______________________"
"When you visit a place of worship you __________________________"

What kind of parties are there: birthday, housewarming, farewell, welcome, retirement, anniversary, office, theme, costume/fancy-dress party, etc.

f) provide the approprite expression for the given clues:
when you have a cold your throat is ____________, and your nose is ________, you feel hot, you might have a ___________

Part Three: Grammar

To study, look at the grammar pages in your workbook.

a) Describe your ordinary week using all the adverbs of frequency you’ve learned (always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never).

b) Decide whether to use and, but or so

c) Make questions based on the text. E.g.
"Shakespeare is a famous English playwright. He was born in England in the 16ht century. He wrote many plays. He married Anne Hathaway...."
E.g. Who is Shakespeare?
Where was he born?
When was he born?
What did he write?
Who did he marry?
Who married Anne Hathaway?

OR: Make questions based on the jigsaw text (the activity similar to the "John Lennon one" we did in class.

d) Express future with ‘going to’ (prediction and plan/intention)

E.g. Seoul in July - What are you going to do?

"Seoul is very rainy in the summer so I am not going to bring any warm clothes. I am going to bring a big umbrella and a rain coat. I am going to spend a lot of time indoors. I am going to visit galleries. I am also going to eat in good restaurants. I am not going to go hiking because the weather is going to be bad.

e) Making suggestions with: let’s (not), how about, why don’t, maybe …. could/should
E.g. It’s not raining anymore. Let’s go for a walk. /Why don't you go for a walk? How about going for a walk?





Wednesday, June 28, 2006

IEC-Summer, June 28th, Unit 5

Script:

H: Host /// R: Ron

H: Ron, you have a very unusual job.

R:Yes, I deliver singing telegrams. You know, a singing telegram is much more memorable and original than sending a greeting card.

H: So, what exactly do you do?

R: Well, I compose a song, based on the occasion, a birthday, anniversary, the office party or holiday and I go to the person, usually while they are at work, and sing a song.

H: Is it expensive to send someone a singing telegram?

R: Not really, each singing telegram costs about $50.

H: Who hires you?

R: Actually, I work for an agency “Say it with a song.”

H: So, let’s say I want to send a singing telegram to my wife. What do I do?

R: Just make a phone call. Phone the agency and tell them you want to hire me, Ron
Bates, to deliver a singing telegram. They’ll ask you a few questions. Just tell them what the occasion is and what day you want the telegram delivered.
Then just wait for the special day when I show up at your wife’s work place and deliver your singing telegram. and deliver your singing telegram.

H: And who do I pay? Do I pay you or the agency?

R: The agency. Then the agency pays me.

H: I guess you don’t work alone. Who helps you?

R: My wife Mary. R: My wife Mary. She buys some flowers, then she comes with me and takes some pictures as I give the person flowers and sing the song.

H: Do you get tired of your job?

R: No, not really. I love singing and I like to make people happy, and you know no one forgets a singing telegram.

BEC-Summer, June 28th, Unit 4

Unit 4. Travel with English

The complete script is on page 15 of your student books.

Comprehension Questions:
What is the travel writer going to practice?
Which part of the Canada is she going to visit in November?
Why are the views in Canada so great?
Where is Nunavit?
Which people live in Nunuvit?
When is Australia very hot?
When is she going to arrive in Sydney?
After her visit to Sydney, what is she going to do next in Australia?
Why is Rajastan a perfect introduction to India?
What can one buy on the markets in Rajastan?
When is she going to be in Rajastan?
What’s the weather in Rajastan like then?
What does South Africa offer?
What else does South Africa have?
Why is she going to South Africa in February?
What is she going to do in Ireland in March?
What is she going to buy in Ireland?
What is beautiful in Ireland?

GRAMMAR:

The Future Tense in English can be expressed in many ways:
will + verb: Oh, you want some coffee. I will (I’ll) make some for you. (spontaneous offer).
I am shopping this weekend. (a previous plan)
The train leaves tonight at 8:00 pm (something schedules express with the Simple Present)
I am going to visit my family in August. (it is my intention)

FUTURE TENSE WHEN EXPRESSING INTENTION TO DO SOMETHING IS EXPRESSED BY GOING TO + VERB.

I am going to buy a new car next month.
For a nice overview of the Future Tense, click on this link:
http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/4fut.htm

Monday, June 26, 2006

IEC-Summer, June 27th, Unit 3

Unit 3:
In this entry:

Listening exercise:
Comprehension Questions
Script
Exercise no. 9, page 11 (listening): comprehension questions
Ex. No. 9. page 11, script


1. Comprehension questions

Which hotel reservations office is the customer calling?
What is she asking about?
How many Four Season’s hotels are there worldwide?
Which location is the customer interested in?
Why does she want to reserve a suite?
What does the Premier Suite have?
How much does the Premier suite cost?
Why doesn’t the customer want the Premier Suite?
What does she reserve instead of the Premier Suite?
How much does that room cost?

2. Script

James = J, C = Caller


J: Four Seasons, this is James speaking. May I help you with a reservation today?
C: Yes, I’d like to ask about a room availability on May 26th and 27th?
J: For which location, Ma’m? There are 58 Four Seasons hotels and resorts worldwide, in over 27 countries.
C: Wow! That’s very impressive. …
J: So, which Four Seasons can I check for you today, ma’am?
C: Miami…
J: OK, Miami. Yes, ma’am, … and that’s for, you say, the 26th, and 27th?
C: Right. The 26th and 27th of May, it’s for our fifth wedding anniversary, and we’d like to reserve a suite…
J: Excellent choice, ma’am. There’s an absolutely perfect suite overlooking Miami Beach. It’s the Premier Suite.
C: Wow! An ocean view! And how much does the Premier Suite cost?
J: Let me check. OK. It goes for $1300 a night.
C: … Well, maybe we don’t need an absolutely perfect suite. … perhaps just a room.
J: Yes, certainly, ma’am, we have a deluxe double room, for just $550 a night… I’m sure you’d be very comfortable there.
C: Does it have an ocean view?
J: No, I’m sorry, ma’am, it does not.
C: Well, yes, it is our anniversary, and I know Peter will be very happy

3. Exercise 9, comprehension questions:

How far is the Four Seasons hotel from the international airport?
What do they offer to and from the airport?
How many guest rooms do they have?
How many guest suites with balconies do they have?
What do all rooms come with?
What does the hotel feature?
What kind of service do they provide?
How many ballrooms do they have?
How many conference rooms do they have?
What are the conference rooms equipped with?
Where can guests relax?
What else is provided for customers convenience?

Script

The Four Seasons is a luxury hotel just 13 minutes from the international airport. We offer limousine service to and from the airport. We have 218 guest rooms, including 30 guest rooms suites with balconies. All rooms come with fax and computer hook-ups and high-speed internet access. The hotel features three fine dining restaurants and two cafes. We provide room service 24 hours a day.

For weddings and other formal occasions, choose from one of our three elegant ballrooms, for a total of 9,650 square feet of luxury dining and dancing. For your business needs, we offer 15 conference rooms equipped with state-of-the art audio/visual services, including simultaneous translation. After your meetings, you can relax in our sauna, swim in our Olympic-size pools, or work out in one of our three fitness centers. Fro your convenience, we also provide baby-sitting services and 14-hour business services.
We look forward to welcoming you to the Four Seasons.

BEC Summer, June 27th, Unit 3

The script for Unit 3 “A Life of Achievement” is in your books, pages 10-11.
***************************************************
Comprehension Qustions:
1. In how many countries do people watch Oprah?
2. What do ordinary people talk about on her TV talk show?
3. Where does Oprah live?
4. What does she have?
5. When was Oprah W. born?

6. Was she born in a rich family?
.7. How old was she when she could read and write?
8. When did she leave college?
9. When did her dream of becoming famous come true?
10. When did she have her first talk show?
11. Where did she move in 1984?
12. What did she start?
13. What’s the name of S. Spielberg’s movie Oprah played in?
14. How did she use her success?
15. What’s the name of Oprah Charity?
16. How much money did the charity collect in the first five years?
17. Who did the charity give the money to?
18. Who does Oprah’s Angel network help?
19. What did Oprah begin in the spring of 2000?
20.What does the magazine contain?
21. What do the articles reflect?
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Grammar:
The Simple Past Tense.
Forming WH- and YES/NO queustions. please study pages 12 and 143 in your student book. To practice, do exercise in chapter 3 of your work book.
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HOMEWORK for Wednesday, June 28th

Answer (IN WRITING!) questions 16-30 in your list of Questions for Mid-Term. Give detailed answers to each question – at least 3 sentences (although more is better).

In case you didn’t do yesterday’s homework, questions 1-15, you can do it now and show it to me tomorrow. I will erase your “ no homework” notice. I do this only this one time because there seems to be a misunderstanding.
If you are absent it is your responsibility to find out what the homework is, either by asking a classmate, calling me, or checking this blog. Absence is not an excuse.

IEC Summer, June 26th, Unit 2

Don’t forget: You will have a very short vocabulary quiz at the beginning of the class (Tuesday June 27th)!

Contents:
Unit 2: Comprehension questions
Unit 2: Script
3. Homework Reminder

******************************************
1. Comprehension questions.

1.How are boys at school when compared to girls?
2.What do boys like?
3.How are girls in comparison to boys?
4.Who is more talkative?
5.Who is noisier?
6.What do some doctors believe about the girls?
7.When do girls stop being as strong as boys?
8.What do a lot of people believe?
9.What should the new man do?
10.Are these changes possible?
11.According to the Moirs, why are men messier, more aggressive, and more competitive?
******************************************

2. Unit 2 Scritpt

At school boys are usually messier and more competitive than girls. Boys like to win, but girls are often better students. They are more hardworking than boys and they do more homework. Girls may be more talkative than boys, but boys are noisier. Some doctors believe that baby girls are stronger than baby boys, but buy school age girls aren’t as strong as boys. Why? Does society, our family, friends, teachers change us?

A lot of people believe that society teaches boys and girls to behave differently. They say that as adults we can change this. The new man should cook, take of the children, and be more cooperative, and less aggressive. He should be neater, more emotional and a better listener.
But are these changes possible? Can men be as emotional as women, for example?
(for the rest of the text please look in your books, on page 7).
*****************************************
HOMEWORK:
Answer the first 15 questions on your Mid-term questions sheet. Give detailed answers, at least 3 + sentences.

BEC Summer, June 26th, Unit 2

TODAY'S ENTRY CONTENT:

1. Unit 2 Comprehension Question
2. Unit 2: Script
3. Homework reminder

***********************************************
1. Unit 2 Comprehension questions:

Why did Tony call Roger?
Why can’t he come to work on the first day?
Why can’t he come to work on the second day?
What is he going to do?
Why can’t he come to work on the third day?
What does he think he has?
How does Roger know that Tony is lying about his sickness?

*************************************************
2. Unit 2 , Script.

Conversation 1:
Roger: Arts & Science Enterprises
Tony: May I speak to Roger, please?
R: This is Roger.
T: Hello, Roger, this is Tony. T: Hello, Roger, this is Tony. I am really sorry, but I’m not feeling very well. I have a fever, so I can’t come to work today.
R: That’s o.k. Tony. Don’t worry. I hope you’ll feel better. But, let me know if you can’t come in tomorrow.
T: O.K., thanks, Roger. Bye.

Conversation 2.

T: Hello, Roger. It’s Tony. I am afraid I can’t come to work today. I have a bad cough and my throat is very sore. I am just going to stay in bed, I think.
R: That’s O.K. Tony, I hope you get better soon.

Conversation three:

T: Roger, listen, I am sorry, I have a stomachache.
R: That’s too bad.
T: Yeah, I think it was something I ate. It’s probably just a 24-hour thing. I can’t come in today, but I’ll probably there tomorrow.
R: O.K., give me a call tomorrow and let me know how you are.

Conversation Four:

T: Roger?
R: Tony! Humh, let me guess. You hurt your back and you can’t move.
T: how did you know?
R: Relax, Tony. Stay in bed. Take as long as you like. In fact, don’t come back on Monday. You’re fired. You don’t work here anymore. A client saw you yesterday on your cell phone at a hotel in Cancun, on vacation.

*************************************************
3. Homework:
Answer the first 15 questions on your Mid-term Exam question list (answer with 3+ sentences.)

Thursday, June 22, 2006

IEC-Summer, June 23: Unit 1

World View 3: What a nice surprise!
Comprehension Questions

1. What is Tom doing in San Diego?
2. Since when has Tom not seen Sue?
3. How’s Sue doing?
4. How do they both look?
5. Which city did Sue and Tom work together?
6. Which company did they work for?
7. Where is Tom originally from?
8. Where’s Sue working now?
9. What is she doing her master’s degree in?
10. Why are Sue and Bernardo in a hurry?
11. What will Sue and Tom perhaps have together?

World View 3, Unit 1: “Nice to see you again” – SCRIPT
T= Tom, S= Sue, B= Bernardo


T: Sue? Hi. What a nice surprise.
S: Tom? I can’t believe this. It’s great to see you! What are you doing in San Diego.
T: I’m on vacation – visiting an old friend. Wow. You know, I haven’t seen you since you left New York. How are you doing?
S: I’m doing really well. What about you? You look great!
T: Thanks. You look great, too.
S: Thanks! Oh, Tom, this is Bernardo, a good friend of mine. Bernardo, this is Tom. Tom and I used to work together in New York. At Green Advertising.
B: Nice to meet you, Tom.
T: Nice to meet you, too, Bernardo.
S: Tom is originally from Canada,- from Toronto.
B: Really? Toronto is a great city… So, how do you like California?
T: It’s great. I love the weather here.
S: I know. The sun always seems to shine. So, are you still working at Green?
T: Yes, I’m still there. I’m a project manager now. So, what are you up to these days?
S: Well, I’m working at West Coast Advertising here in San Diego… with Bernardo. And I’m doing my master’s.
T: Your master’s degree? Really? In what?
S: Web Design.
T: Cool! Good for you!
S: Uh, oh, it’s late! I’m sorry… but we have to get going. We have to meet my mother, and she always gets worried if I’m late.
T: Well, it was really good to see you again, Sue. And good to meet you, Bernardo.
S: Listen, Tom why don’t you give me a call later? Here’s my number. We’ll catch up. Maybe we can even try to have lunch while you’re here.
T: That’s a great idea. I’ll call you.
S: O.K. then… See you!
T: O.K. , bye Sue. Bye, Bernardo.

*************************************************
WHAT IS SMALL TALK?

Small Talk: Who, What, Where, When, Why?
WHO makes small talk? People with many different relationships use small talk. The most common type of people to use small talk are those who do not know each other at all. Though we often teach children not to talk to strangers, adults are expected to say at least a few words in certain situations (see where). It is also common for people who are only acquaintances, often called a "friend of a friend", to use small talk. Other people who have short casual conversations are office employees who may not be good friends but work in the same department. Customer service representatives, waitresses, hairdressers and receptionists often make small talk with customers. If you happen to be outside when the mailman comes to your door you might make small talk with him too.
WHAT do people make small talk about? There are certain "safe" topics that people usually make small talk about. The weather is probably the number one thing that people who do not know each other well discuss. Sometimes even friends and family members discuss the weather when they meet or start a conversation. Another topic that is generally safe is current events. As long as you are not discussing a controversial issue, such as a recent law concerning equal rights, it is usually safe to discuss the news. Sports news is a very common topic, especially if a local team or player is in a tournament or play-off or doing extremely well or badly. Entertainment news, such as a celebrity who is in town, is another good topic. If there is something that you and the other speaker has in common, that may also be acceptable to talk about. For example, if the bus is extremely full and there are no seats available you might talk about reasons why. Similarly, people in an office might casually discuss the new paint or furniture. There are also some subjects that are not considered acceptable when making small talk. Discussing personal information such as salaries or a recent divorce is not done between people who do not know each other well. Compliments on clothing or hair are acceptable; however, you should never say something (good or bad) about a person's body. Negative comments about another person not involved in the conversation are also not acceptable: when you do not know a person well you cannot be sure who their friends are. You do not talk about private issues either, because you do not know if you can trust the other person with your secrets or personal information. Also, it is not safe to discuss subjects that society deems controversial such as religion or politics. Lastly, it is not wise to continue talking about an issue that the other person does not seem comfortable with or interested in.
WHERE do people make small talk?People make small talk just about anywhere, but there are certain places where it is very common. Most often, small talk occurs in places where people are waiting for something. For example, you might chat with another person who is waiting for the bus to arrive, or to the person beside you waiting to get on an aeroplane. People also make small talk in a doctor's or dentist's waiting room, or in queues at the grocery store. At the office, people make small talk in elevators or lunchrooms and even in restrooms, especially if there is a line-up. Some social events (such as a party) require small talk among guests who do not know each other very well. For example, you might talk to someone you do not know at the punch bowl, or at the poolside. It is called "mingling" when people walk around in a social setting and talk to a variety of people.
WHEN do people make small talk? The most common time for small talk to occur is the first time you see or meet someone on a given day. For example, if you see a co-worker in the lounge you might say hello and discuss the sports or weather. However, the next time you see each other you might just smile and say nothing. If there is very little noise, that might be an indication that it is the right time to initiate a casual conversation. You should only spark up a conversation after someone smiles and acknowledges you. Do not interrupt two people in order to discuss something unimportant such as the weather. If someone is reading a book or writing a letter at the bus stop it is not appropriate to initiate a conversation either. Another good time to make small talk is during a break in a meeting or presentation when there is nothing important going on. Finally, it is important to recognize the cue when the other person wants the conversation to stop.
WHY do people make small talk?There are a few different reasons why people use small talk. The first, and most obvious, is to break an uncomfortable silence. Another reason, however, is simply to fill time. That is why it is so common to make small talk when you are waiting for something. Some people make small talk in order to be polite. You may not feel like chatting with anyone at a party, but it is rude to just sit in a corner by yourself. After someone introduces you to another person, you do not know anything about them, so in order to show a polite interest in getting to know them better, you have to start with some small talk.


CONVERSATION STARTERS


Talking about the weather

Beautiful day, isn't it?
Can you believe all of this rain we've been having?
It looks like it's going to snow.
It sure would be nice to be in Hawaii right about now.
I hear they're calling for thunderstorms all weekend.
We couldn't ask for a nicer day, could we?
How about this weather?
Did you order this sunshine?

Talking about current events

Did you catch the news today?
Did you hear about that fire on Fourth St?
What do you think about this transit strike?
I read in the paper today that the Sears Mall is closing.
I heard on the radio today that they are finally going to start building the new bridge.
How about those Reds? Do you think they're going to win tonight?

At the office

Looking forward to the weekend?
Have you worked here long?
I can't believe how busy/quiet we are today, can you?
Has it been a long week?
You look like you could use a cup of coffee.
What do you think of the new computers?

At a social event

So, how do you know Justin?
Have you tried the cabbage rolls that Sandy made?
Are you enjoying yourself?
It looks like you could use another drink.
Pretty nice place, huh?
I love your dress. Can I ask where you got it?

Out for a walk

How old's your baby?
What's your puppy's name?
The tulips are sure beautiful at this time of year, aren't they.
How do you like the new park?
Nice day to be outside, isn't it?

Waiting somewhere

I didn't think it would be so busy today.
You look like you've got your hands full (with children or goods).
The bus must be running late today.
It looks like we are going to be here a while, huh?
I'll have to remember not to come here on Mondays.
How long have you been waiting?
************************************************
Small talk Quiz - Do you really get it? (understand?)
Click here to find out!
http://www.englishclub.com/speaking/small-talk_quiz.htm
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Homework:
All of Unit 1 in your workbooks

BEC-Summer, June 23rd, Unit 1

Unit 1: It's the weekend (Comprehension Questions)

Comprehension Questions:

1. What is the name of the radio program?

2. What is the topic of today’s program?
3. Who is in the studio?

4. Where is Yuka from?
5. What’s Yuka’s favourite part of the weekend?
6. What time does Yuka work until on Fridays?
7. What does she usually have for dinner on Friday?
8. What does she do after dinner?
9. Where is Marcello from?
10. What is his favourite part of the weekend?

11. What does he do with his wife in the afternoon?
12. Who do they often meet there?
13. What’s the beach like on Sundays?
14. What do Marcello and his wife do on Sunday nights?

Unit 1: It's the weekend - SCRIPT

Host: Good morning. This morning on Life Around the World we look at how people in different countries spend their weekend. We have some visitors with us in the studio today. Yuka is here from Kyoto, Japan. How are you today?
Yuka: Fine, thanks.

Host: Tell us about your typical weekend. What’s your favorite part?
Yuka: Humhp, that would be Friday nights.
Host: Oh, do you stay home on Friday nights?
Yuka: No, never. I usually work until 6 o’clock or so. And then I go home to eat.
Host: What do you usually have?
Yuka: Well, I never cook on Fridays because I am tired after work. I usually get a take-out bento from a convenient store.
Host: What’s a bento?
Yuka: Oh, it’s prepared food. It has different kinds of vegetables, and fish and rice, all in a box.
Host: Is it good?
Yuka: Yes, and it’s easy.
Host: What do you do after dinner?
Yuka: I usually get together with friends and go to the movies. I love movies.
Host: Yeah, me too. And, on to our next guest. Marcello, you’re from Brazil, right?
Marcello: Yes, from Santos. And, what’s your favourite day of the weekend.
Santos: I love Sundays. I usually sleep late in the morning. Then my wife and I always go for a walk on the beach in the afternoon. We often meet friends there.
Host: At the beeach?
Marcello: Yes. Everybody goes there. The beach is always crowded on Sundays.
It’s THE place to go to.

Host: Interesting.
Marcello: After that we sometimes go out for lunch.

Host: How often do you go out on Sunday nights?
Marcello: Sunday nights? We usually stay home on Sunday nights.
Host: I see. Thanks. And now, Emma from London….


*******************************************************

Grammar: Adverbs of Frequency

What are adverbs?

Adverbs are words that 'describe' verbs. They answer the questions how?, when?, and where? something was done.

In the sentence "The fast man ran quickly," quickly is an adverb that tells you how the man ran. 'fast' is an adjective because it describes the noun 'man.'

In English, we use a special group of adverbs called adverbs of frequency to describe how often something happens.


Common Adverbs of Frequency & How to Use Them

The seven most common adverbs of frequency are:

Always - 100% - If something always happens, it happens every time. It is certain.
Usually - 99%-80% - If something usually happens, it happens most of the time. It is not certain.
Often - 80%-60% - If something often happens, it happens a lot of the time.
Sometimes - 60%-30% - If something sometimes happens, it happens occasionally.
Seldom - 30%-10% - If something seldom happens, it does not happen very often.
Rarely - 20%-1% - If something rarely happens, it usually does not happen.
Never - 0% - If something never happens, it does not happen.

Position of adverbs of frequency - RULES:

The adverb of frequency comes AFTER the verb 'be'. E.g.
She is (verb) always (adverb) tired.
My parents are (verb) never (adverb) in a good mood.
I am (verb) sometimes (adverb) sad.

The Adverb of frequency comes before all other verbs.
She often plays the piano.
We never go on a vacation.
Young people usually stay up late to study.
***** To practice, click on the link:
http://esl.lbcc.cc.ca.us/eesllessons/adverbfreq/adfreqz.htm
http://esl.lbcc.cc.ca.us/eesllessons/adverbfreq/advfill.htm

******************************************************
Homework: All of Unit 1 in your Workbooks

Wednesday, June 21, 2006

IEC-Summer, June 22nd: Introduction

Hello All,
welcome to my blog. You will find here the summary of what we have done in the class, homework reminder, handouts that you've missed or misplaced, some helfpufl links, etc.
In this entry you'll find:
1. Syllabus
2. Course Outline
3. Assignments Sheet
3. Homework reminder

***************************************************
1. Syllaubs
Hansung University, English Department, I.E.C.
Summer School 2006: June 22nd- July 13th
Instructor: Bianca Turalija
General course description
Email: biancatur@rocketmail.com
Tel.: 760-4398 (office and home); Office: 우 촌 관 Room 603
Textbook and Workbook: World View 3, by Michael Rost. Longman, 2005.

Who should attend this class?

The goal of this class is to enable students with considerable proficiency in the English language to further develop conversational skills through active participation. You will use English in a casual and informal setting. The textbook offers a variety of topics, e.g. spare time activities, travel, illnesses and injuries, parties, movies, physical appearance, sports, food, jobs, etc. To ‘spice up’ our classes, we will use clips from popular sitcoms, learn to sing popular songs, possibly look at interesting magazine and newspaper articles, study contemporary slang, etc. Such a variety of topics and materials should ensure that you are not only learning but having fun in the process. Remember: what’s learned with pleasure is learned full-measure!

What do you need for this class?

Please, do not come to class without the relevant textbook and workbook (World View 3), a notebook and a pen/pencil. It is very important for you to take notes in class! If you don’t, you forget what you learn in class much faster. Trust me: writing down helps you memorize and retain the knowledge.
What do I expect from you?
I expect you to attend classes regularly and participate in class activities with enthusiasm. Also, all homework and assignments are to be submitted on time. Do not be shy to ask questions or demand further explanations; visit my office, or call if you need assistance in your studies. Speak in English only. Each time I hear you use Korean you and everyone in your group gets a “K” penalty. K + K + K = 1 Absence, which negatively influences your participation grade. Last but not least: Switch the cell phones off!

How are you graded? Grading Policy

Hansung University follows the ‘bell curve’ grading system. Simply put, you are competing against one another. Please, remember that when it comes to grading what you give is what you get. If you are not putting in the maximum effort, you cannot expect to get the highest grade.
Official university policy dictates that each class be graded accordingly:
A= 30% of the class
B= 40% of the class
C,D,F, = 30% of the class

In class grading will be as follows:

Attendance: 10 %
Participation = 20%
Mid-term Written Exam (Vocabulary, Grammar, Listening Comprehension): 10%
Final Written Exam (Vocabulary, Grammar, Listening Comprehension): 20%
Mid-term Oral Exam = 20%
Final Oral Exam: 20%

ATTANDANCE POLICY:

The rule is very simple: your regular and on-time attendance is a must. Two lates count for one absent; five absents equal the final grade D; more than 5 absents will result in an automatic failing grade F. You will be excused for illness or family emergency in which case you need to call me in advance and later supply a written proof (a doctor’s note or a signed letter from a parent or guardian). The use of Korean three times will count as one absent. Bear in mind that attendance and participation go hand-in-hand and combined they count for 30% of your final grade.
******************************************************
2. Course Outline
Hansung University, English Department; Instructor: Bianca Turalija
INTERMEDIATE ENGLISH CONVERSATION: COURSE OUTLINE
Session: Summer School, June 22nd-July 13th




Thursday, June 22nd
General Introduction to the Course

Friday, June 23rd
Unit 1: Small Talk/ How to have a Conversation

Monday, June 26th
Unit 2: Why women iron? Gender Differences

Tuesday, June 27th
Unit 3: Living in Luxury: Homes and Resorts

Wednesday, June 28th
Unit 4: Medical symptoms, Allergies

Thursday, June 29th
Mid-Session Written Exam ((Grammar, Vocabulary, Listening)

Friday, June 30th
Mid-Session Oral Exam (Interview with a partner)

Monday, July 3rd
Unit 5: A Typical Day; Jogs and Unusual Jobs

Tuesday, July 4th
Unit 6: Amazing experiences, Intensifiers: absolutely, really, very, quite

Wednesday, July 5th
Unit 7: Eating out, Adjectives describing Food and Restaurants

Thursday, July 6th
Unit 8: Love and Marriage, Prenuptial Agreements

Friday, July 7th
Unit 9: Travel, Phrasal Verbs Related to Tourism

Monday, July 10th
Unit 10: Differences among people

Tuesday, July 11th
Unit 11: Trading Space, Homes and Furniture

Wednesday, July 12th
Final Written Exam, 2 hours (Grammar, Vocabulary, Listening)

Thursday, July 13th
Final Oral Exam: 2nd Oral Presentation (Dialog)

Please, be aware that the above is a general course outline and that sometimes we will step away from the planned activities, depending on the atmosphere of any given class. Sometimes we’ll need to spend more time on particular grammatical or lexical (vocabulary) items.
******************************************************
3. Assignments Sheet

INTERMEDIATE ENGLISH CONVERSATION ASSIGNMENTS SHEET
Session: Summer School 2006

The Intermediate English Conversation Course focuses on developing students’ oral communication skills in English. In accordance with the nature of the course, each student’s speaking ability is evaluated through two oral presentations: one at mid-term and one at the end of the semester. Please find the appropriate dates in your Course Outline Sheet.

1. Mid-term Oral Presentation (partner work): Interviewing each other (5+ minutes)
2. Final Oral Presentation (partner or triad work): Playacting a Dialog (5+ minutes)

June 30th: Mid-term Oral Presentation (Interview with a Partner)

Your first oral exam will be an interview with a partner, in front of me. Each of you will draw 3-5 question strips (depending on the time you take to answer), and have a ‘natural’ conversation based on the strips. No worries: you will be given a list of 50 questions to answer in advance, so you will be able to prepare appropriately. Questions will be easy, concerning everyday life, activities, likes and dislikes. You must be ready to answer each question fluently in 2-3 or more sentences, not just one word, or one sentence. Your partner will also ask you a logical follow up question, depending on your answer. You will not know who your partner is until the day before the exam, when we will have a draw.
Example:

Student A: What is your hobby?
Student B: My hobby is playing the piano. I have been playing it for a long time but I’m not good at it. I want to improve because I want to impress my girlfriend (3 sentences).
Student A: (possible follow-up questions: a. Which is your favourite song to play? B. Oh, you have a girlfriend? Who is she?)
Student B: a. My favourite song is “A whole new world.” b. Yes, didn’t you know? She’s in my English class.

Partner Interview Evaluation Rubric


***Fluency
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5
Total
****Sufficient Use of Details in your answer
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5

***Voice level: loud enough
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5

***8Clarity of Speech (accent, pronunciation)
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5

****Quality of Language (grammar, , vocabulary)
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5

****Level of Comfort/naturalness of conversation
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. good 4
Excellent 5
Grand Total (max. 30)


Final Oral Group Presentation: Dialog (5 minutes) , July 13th, 20%

Students will choose a partner or two partners to work with. First, you will write an original script with a free topic. You will hand in the script to me before your presentation is about to take place. Second, you will memorize the script and act it out in front of the whole class. NO READING WILL BE ALLOWED!

The script guidelines:
Which topic to choose? For example, you may choose to create a restaurant scene, a visit to a doctor, talking about travel, marriage/blind dates, recreate a scene from a movie, etc.
VERY IMPORTANT: You must use 10 expressions (words, phrases, idiomatic expressions) as well as 3 grammatical features that you have learned in class. In your script, you must underline or boldface or (both) the expressions and grammar, or you will get a ‘0’ in the “vocabulary” and ‘grammar’ categories in your evaluation rubrics.
Presentation guidelines:
-know your lines and speak naturally. Pay attention to your pronunciation and the clarity of your speech.
-act: be natural and relaxed, not rigid and nervous.
-use costumes and props, music, posters…anything that might impress the teacher – me!

If you need more assistance and guidance while preparing your skit, please visit me in my office or call schedule an appointment.

Content (Quality of the Speech)

Choice of Topic/ Level of Difficulty
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Grammar (3 features min.)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Vocabulary (slang, idioms, 10 minimum)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Creativity/ Originality
1, 2, 3, 4, 5


Delivery (Quality of the Presentation)

Knowing your lines (Fluency)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Pronunciation and Clarity
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Acting
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Creativity (costumes, props, special effects)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Total (max. 40)



*****************************************************
4. Homework Reminder for June 23rd:

My T-shirt

On a large piece of paper (A4 size approximately), draw a nice big T-shirt.

Around the neck opening, write 5 adjectives that describe your personality, E.g. [example]: outgoing, kind, dependable, humourous, warm-hearted.
On the edge of the right sleeve write 5 of your hobbies/ interests, E.g., hiking, reading books, watching movies, collecting postcards, collecting fridge magnets, etc.
On the edge of the left sleeve write the names of three people you admire, E.g. my mother, Nelson Mandela, Mother Theresa
In the middle of the T-shirt, close to where your heart is write: 3 things I love, E.g. dark chocolate, red wine, dogs.
Immediately below the three things you love, write down three things you hate, e.g. people spitting on the street, liver, being cold
At the bottom of the T-shirt write 5 things that you want to learn and/or things that you want to improve, e.g. want to learn taekwando, piano playing, painting; want to improve my German speak fluent Korean.

TOMORROW IN CLASS:

1. You’ll sit with a partner who will show you his/her T-shirt, and tell you what he/she wrote there. You’ll do the same.
2. You have to ask each other follow-up questions. E.g.
Why do you say you’re humorous?
Which is your favourite mountain?
Why do you admire your mother?
How much red wine can you drink before you get drunk?
How good is your Korean now?

3. After you’ve finished asking follow-up questions, you'll write a short introduction of your partner choosing to say 10 most interesting things about him/her, then presenting to the whole class.

E.g.
Hello everyone, this is Bianca. She's outgoing because she likes to talk to people to find out more about them. Her favourite hobby is hiking. She hikes almost every Saturday. Her favourite mountains are Kumgangsan and Jiri-san. She admires her mother because her mother was strong and optimitistic. She loves dark chocolate because it helps her stay alert and puts her in a good mood. She hates people spitting on the street because it's disgustind and unhealthy. She'd like to learn taekwando and she'd like to be fluent in Korean.

BEC-Summer, June 22nd Class: Introduction

Hello everyone,
welcome to the Grand Teacher's (Magistra Grande's) blog. Here you'll find a summary of what we did in each class, most of the handouts you've missed or misplaced, as well as homework/important dates reminder.
In this entry, by scrolling down you'll find:
1. Syllabus
2. Course Outline
3. Assigments Sheet
4. Questions for the Mid-session Partner Interview
5. Homework reminder
***************************************************************
1. Syllabus
Hansung University, English Department, B.E.C.
Summer School 2006: June 22nd- July 13th
Instructor: Bianca Turalija
General course description
Tel.: 760-4398 Office: 우 촌 관 Room 603
Textbook and Workbook: World View 2, by Michael Rost. Longman, 2005.

Who should attend this class?


The goal of this class is to enable students with the basic proficiency in the English language to develop conversational skills through active participation. You will use English in a casual and informal setting. The textbook offers a variety of topics, e.g. spare time activities, travel, illnesses and injuries, parties, movies, physical appearance, sports, food, jobs, etc. To ‘spice up’ our classes, we will use clips from popular sitcoms, learn to sing popular songs, possibly look at interesting magazine and newspaper articles, study contemporary slang, etc. Such a variety of topics and materials should ensure that you are not only learning but having fun in the process. Remember: what’s learned with pleasure is learned full-measure!

What do you need for this class?

Please, do not come to class without the relevant textbook and workbook (World View 2), a notebook and a pen/pencil. It is very important for you to take notes in class! If you don’t, you forget what you learn in class much faster. Trust me: writing down helps you memorize and retain the knowledge.
What do I expect from you?
I expect you to attend classes regularly and participate in class activities with enthusiasm. Also, all homework and assignments are to be submitted on time. Do not be shy to ask questions or demand further explanations; visit my office, or call if you need assistance in your studies. Speak in English only. Each time I hear you use Korean you and everyone in your group gets a “K” penalty. K + K + K = 1 Absence, which negatively influences your participation grade. Last but not least: Switch the cell phones off!

How are you graded? Grading Policy

Hansung University follows the ‘bell curve’ grading system. Simply put, you are competing against one another. Please, remember that when it comes to grading what you give is what you get. If you are not putting in the maximum effort, you cannot expect to get the highest grade.
Official university policy dictates that each class be graded accordingly:
A= 30% of the class
B= 40% of the class
C,D,F, = 30% of the class
In class grading will be as follows:
Attendance: 10 %
Participation = 20%
Mid-term Written Exam (Vocabulary, Grammar, Listening Comprehension): 10%
Final Written Exam (Vocabulary, Grammar, Listening Comprehension): 20%
Mid-term Oral Exam = 20%
Final Oral Exam: 20%

ATTANDANCE POLICY:

The rule is very simple: your regular and on-time attendance is a must. Two lates count for one absent; five absents equal the final grade D; more than 5 absents will result in an automatic failing grade F. You will be excused for illness or family emergency in which case you need to call me in advance and later supply a written proof (a doctor’s note or a signed letter from a parent or guardian). The use of Korean three times will count as one absent. Bear in mind that attendance and participation go hand-in-hand and combined they count for 30% of your final grade.
********************************************
2. Course Outline

Hansung University, English Department; Instructor: Bianca Turalija
BASIC ENGLISH CONVERSATION: COURSE OUTLINE
Session: Summer School, June 22nd-July 13th

Thursday, June 22nd: General Introduction to the Course
Friday, June 23rd: Unit 1: Weekend Activities
Monday, June 26th: Unit 2: Parts of the Body – Illnesses and Injuries
Tuesday, June 27th: Unit 3: Life Events – Successful People
Wednesday, June 28th: Unit 4: Travel, Countries and Continents Plus
Exam preparation
Thursday, June 29th: Mid-Session Written Exam ((Grammar, Vocabulary, Listening)
Friday, June 30th: Mid-Session Oral Exam (Interviewing a Partner)
Monday, July 3rd: Unit 5: Culture Shock – Social Etiquette
Excerpts from a movie: My Big Fat Greek Wedding
Tuesday, July 4th: Unit 6: Party Time! Planning Parties
Wednesday, July 5th: Unit 7: First Impressions. Describing Physical Appearance
Thursday, July 6th: Unit 8: At the movies. Words related to the movies
Friday, July 7th: Unit 9: Eating Out –Ordering in a Restaurant; Menu
Monday, July 10th: Unit 10: Global issues: Economy, Politics, Communication, Transportation
Tuesday, July 11th: Unit 11: Work! Work! Plus Exam Preparation
Wednesday, July 12th: Final Written Exam, 2 hours (Grammar, Vocabulary, Listening)
Thursday, July 13th: Final Oral Exam: 2nd Oral Presentation (Dialog)

Please, be aware that the above is a general course outline and that sometimes we will step away from the planned activities, depending on the atmosphere of any given class. Sometimes we’ll need to spend more time on particular grammatical or lexical (vocabulary) items.
************************************************
Hansung University, English Department; Instructor: Bianca Turalija
BASIC ENGLISH CONVERSATION ASSIGNMENTS SHEET
Session: Summer School 2006

The Basic English Conversation Course focuses on developing students’ oral communication skills in English. In accordance with the nature of the course, each student’s speaking ability is evaluated through two oral presentations: one at mid-term and one at the end of the semester. Please find the appropriate dates in your Course Outline Sheet.

1. Mid-term Oral Presentation (partner work): Interviewing each other (5+ minutes)
2. Final Oral Presentation (partner or triad work): Playacting a Dialog (5+ minutes)

June 30th: Mid-term Oral Presentation (Interviewing Each Other)

Your first oral exam will be an interview with a partner, in front of me. Each of you will draw 3-5 question strips (depending on the time you take to answer), and have a ‘natural’ conversation based on the strips. No worries: you will be given a list of 50 questions to answer in advance, so you will be able to prepare appropriately. Questions will be easy, concerning everyday life, activities, likes and dislikes. You must be ready to answer each question fluently in 2-3 or more sentences, not just one word, or one sentence. Your partner will also ask you a logical follow up question, depending on your answer. You will not know who your partner is until the day before the exam, when we will have a draw.
Example:

Student A: What is your hobby?
Student B: My hobby is playing the piano. I have been playing it for a long time but I’m not good at it. I want to improve because I want to impress my girlfriend (3 sentences).
Student A: (possible follow-up questions: a. Which is your favourite song to play? B. Oh, you have a girlfriend? Who is she?)
Student B: a. My favourite song is “A whole new world.” b. Yes, didn’t you know? She’s in my English class.

Partner Interview Evaluation Rubric


Fluency :
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5
Total
Sufficient Use of Details in your answer:
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5

Voice level (loud enough):
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5

Clarity of Speech (accent, pronunciation):
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5

Quality of Language (grammar, , vocabulary):
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. Good 4
Excellent 5

Level of Comfort/naturalness of conversation:
V. poor 1
Poor 2
Good 3
V. good 4
Excellent 5
Grand Total (max. 30)


Final Oral Group Presentation: Dialog (5 minutes) , July 13th, 20%

Students will choose a partner or two partners to work with. First, you will write an original script with a free topic. You will hand in the script to me before your presentation is about to take place. Second, you will memorize the script and act it out in front of the whole class. NO READING WILL BE ALLOWED!

The script guidelines:
Which topic to choose? For example, you may choose to create a restaurant scene, a visit to a doctor, talking about travel, marriage/blind dates, recreate a scene from a movie, etc.
VERY IMPORTANT: You must use 10 expressions (words, phrases, idiomatic expressions) as well as 3 grammatical features that you have learned in class. In your script, you must underline or boldface or (both) the expressions and grammar, or you will get a ‘0’ in the “vocabulary” and ‘grammar’ categories in your evaluation rubrics.
Presentation guidelines:
-know your lines and speak naturally. Pay attention to your pronunciation and the clarity of your speech.
-act: be natural and relaxed, not rigid and nervous.
-use costumes and props, music, posters…anything that might impress the teacher – me!

If you need more assistance and guidance while preparing your skit, please visit me in my office or call schedule an appointment.

Content (Quality of the Speech)

Choice of Topic/ Level of Difficulty
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Grammar (3 features min.)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Vocabulary (slang, idioms, 10 minimum)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Creativity/ Originality
1, 2, 3, 4, 5


Delivery (Quality of the Presentation)

Knowing your lines (Fluency)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Pronunciation and Clarity
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Acting
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Creativity (costumes, props, special effects)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Total (max. 40)
*******************************************
Homework for Friday June 23:

My T-shirt

On a large piece of paper (A4 size approximately), draw a nice big T-shirt.

Around the neck opening, write 5 adjectives that describe your personality, E.g. [example]: outgoing, kind, dependable, humourous, warm-hearted.
On the edge of the right sleeve write 5 of your hobbies/ interests, E.g., hiking, reading books, watching movies, collecting postcards, collecting fridge magnets, etc.
On the edge of the left sleeve write the names of three people you admire, E.g. my mother, Nelson Mandela, Mother Theresa
In the middle of the T-shirt, close to where your heart is write: 3 things I love, E.g. dark chocolate, red wine, dogs.
Immediately below the three things you love, write down three things you hate, e.g. people spitting on the street, liver, being cold
At the bottom of the T-shirt write 5 things that you want to learn and/or things that you want to improve, e.g. learn taekwando, piano playing, painting; want to improve German and speak fluent Korean.

TOMORROW IN CLASS:

1. You’ll sit with a partner who will show you his/her T-shirt and tell you what he/she wrote there. You’ll do the same.
2, You have to ask each other follow-up questions. E.g.
Why do you say you’re humorous?
Which is your favourite mountain?
Why do you admire your mother?
How much red wine can you drink before you get drunk?
How good is your Korean now?

3. After you’ve finished asking questions, you'll choose 10 most interesting things about your partner and you will write a short introduction of your partner. Use what your partner wrote on the T-shirt and what you found out with your follow-up questions.
E.g.

Hello everyone, this is Bianca. She's humorous, she likes to joke and have fun. Her favourite hobby is hiking and she goes to the mountains almost every Saturday. Her favourite mountain is Gumgangsan. She admires her mother because of her strength of character and optimism. She loves red wine and she can drink almost a bottle without being too drunk. She hates people spitting on the street because it's disgusting and unhealthy. She'd like to improve her Korean because she lives in Korea and wants to communicate with people easily.

Thursday, June 08, 2006

PRS: June 9th. More on Persuasive Speech

If you lack inspiration in choosing the topic of your speech, click on the following link - it may ignite your intellectual spark:
http://www.faulkton.k12.sd.us/persuasive_speech_topics.htm
It gives you topics as diverse as: "Dieting leads to eating disorders" to "You must donate your organs," and gay marriages.
********
Rhetoric Devices: Logos, Pathos, Ethos

According to Aristotle, you can persuade your audience to see the things the way you see them if you use three rhetorical devices: logos, pathos, and ethos. Logos will appeal to their reasoning abilities, pathos to their emotions, and ethos to their sense of morality.
In all of my examples I’ve chosen the topic of smoking. If I were to talk about it using logos, pathos and ethos this could be the gist of my appeal to the audience. “Everyone knows and numerous studies show that smoking endangers your health (logos). Isn’t it tragic when a young mother leaves two young orphaned children behind, losing her young life to lung cancer (pathos). Everyone agrees that people should be free to decide what they do with their lives and how they will behave; however, there should be a clear limit: when one’s behavior endangers other people, then it should be banned. We consider it immoral to expose ourselves in public because we don’t want to make other people uncomfortable. Why is it then morally acceptable to smoke around others and not only put them at discomfort but also put them in health danger (ethos)
********
5 Basic Patterns of Persuasive Speeches

NOTE: Remember that the point of any persuasive speech is to get your audience to think and feel the way you feel about issues.
****There are 5 basic patterns of persuasive speeches:
Problem - Solution //Cause-Effect //Comparative // Comparative Advantages //Reason Giving // Motivated Sequences

Problem-Solution

Problem-Solution pattern works well for topics involving social issues, current events or any problem-oriented topics.
There are usually only two main points in a problem-solution speech--the "problem" and the "solution." There may be numerous subpoints under each, such as causes or effects of the problem, and individual and societal solutions.

Problem: smoking is still allowed in many public places and we all know that the second-hand smoke is as harmful.
Solutions: prohibit smoking imposing monetary penalties; increase the price of cigarettes; allow smoking in designated areas only

Cause-Effect

In cause-effect organization, the speaker is attempting to offer proof that certain cause(s) are directly linked to certain effect(s). This is a challenge for any speaker.
Cause: People smoke because they refuse to acknowledge the danger of smoking; many believe that cigarettes are good for them because they help them relax. However, the effects of smoking are quite the opposite: lungs, throat, tongue, and many other types of cancer; premature aging and discoloration of skin; emphysema, bronchitis, asthma - all worsened by smoking

Comparative Advantages

Comparative Advantages is used to directly compare and contrast two or more items, brands, solutions or options. For example, you may choose to compare the life of a smoker with the life of a non-smoker.

Thesis: Living as a smoker is much more difficult than living as a non-smoker (so you should quit)
Comparisons: Non-smokers are healthier and live longer; Smokers are discriminated against and looked down upon in many societies; Smokers waste more money

Reason-Giving

Reason-Giving patterns are great for sales or motivational topics.
The main points in a reason-giving speech are simply a set of reasons your audience should think, feel, believe or act as you do.

Thesis: Everyone should stop smoking for various reasons
Reasons: Very bad for your health; Socially unacceptable; You can save money and do something that is good for you – like go on a vacation or buy a new swanky cell phone

Motivated Sequence

is an organizational pattern which uses five audience-oriented steps to persuade.
The steps are: Attention, Need, Satisfaction, Visualization and Action.
It has been proven to be very successful in motivating audiences. The five steps are of equal importance and should each be fully developed.

Topic: How to get motivated to stop smoking

Attention:
You can say whatever you want as a smoker, e.g “it’s my right to smoke, I enjoy it and who are you to tell me to quit?” Only if you are blind or stupid or don’t care about your life or the lives of those you love, you’ll continue. The fact is: Cigarettes kill millions of people yearly, not only smokers, but also non-smokers who are innocent victims. Children from smokers’ families develop serious diseases being exposed to 2nd-hand smoke. Stop before you become a murderer or leave your kids orphaned. (Got your attention yet?)

Need: Face it – in today’s society smoking is rapidly going out of fashion. Many companies don’t want to hire smokers and many insurance companies will not insure smokers. Smokers are not as healthy, they socially unacceptable, they stink, have sickly skin and bad breath. If you want to succeed and leave a happier more productive life , please stop. If a Canadian couple smoke 2 packs of cigarettes a day, they burn 8,000,000 won a year, enough money to go on a luxurious vacation, by a used car, or put a down-payment on a house.

Satisfaction: It’s been proven that quitting smoking is one of the hardest things a person can do. It’s not just a physical addiction, but more an emotional one. It’s like getting a divorce from a most wonderful spouse you can imagine. Just think how proud of yourself you’d be if you kick the habit, how satisfied with your willpower and your ability to do something that’s proven to be difficult to do for the best of us. There are great men and women out there who did great things, but oddly failed at kicking the habit.

Visualization: Visualize yourself as a healthy non-smoker, walking along a most beautiful trail by an enchanting lake, surrounded by pine trees and meadows sprinkled with spring flowers. Imagine your clear lungs and unplugged nose being able to breathe all of this in; imagine your fresh breath and the fragrance of your freshly showered body and shiny hair – no smoke to make you stink like an industrial chimney. Imagine your clear skin and healthy glow, imagine the lightness with which you walk, no congested tarred lungs to slow you down.
On the other hand: imagine that moment of waking up in the morning after a night of heavy drinking and smoking. Imagine your sticky stinky mouth, your yellow fingers, your disgusting crumpled clothes that smell like rotten sausages…. Do you really want to be that guy/gal?

Action: Now is the time to take action: get assistance and get that patch; surround yourself with books and brochures; go on the internet and research practical help as how to quit smoking; have a support group, go for a walk, - whatever you do stay away from those deadly cancer sticks. If you slip, it’s not the end of the world, keep trying.
***Which pattern you will choose depends on your topic. Once you decide what kind of persuasive speech you want to give, then see which pattern is most suitable for you to get the audience to see and feel things your way.

Sunday, June 04, 2006

BEC: June 5th. Final Exam Preparation

Basic English Conversation, Final Exam Preparation Sheet
June 2006, by B. Turalija



Time
(Place: in your regular classroom)
Day Class:
1:00-3:00
Evening Class:
19:50-21:50

WHAT TO PREPARE?
Units 6-10 (vocabulary, grammar).
Handouts: movies, Restaurant foods
How to prepare?
As long as you have been doing your homework, it should be easy for you to prepare for this exam. The homework related to the workbook was all about reinforcing vocabulary and grammar. Written homework will help you with the written part of the exam.

Part One: listening comprehension (10 points).

You will listen to a familiar text (from the CD included with your student book) and answer each question IN THE FULL SENTENCE FORM. One-word answers and incomplete answers will not be accepted!!!! There will be approximately 10 questions .
E.g. (example): Question: Where is she going to travel.
Wrong answer (incomplete, not a full sentence, NO POINTS). India.
Correct Answer: (full sentence): She is going to travel to India.
Check the grammar and spelling in your final answer. Each mistake will cost you a point. Only perfect answers will be given full points.

IMPORTANT NOTE: you can find the tape scripts on my blog or in the student book. How to prepare? Listen to the text on the CD while following it on the blog. Listen as many times as necessary for you to feel confident in your ability to understand the text without looking at it.


Part Two: vocabulary (10 points) . Study vocabulary from Units 6-10 (a complete list is on pages 151-152 of your Textbooks), plus the vocabulary from the two handouts (movies and food).
The vocabulary test will have the form of any of the vocabulary testing forms in your workbook:
Vocabulary testing may take any of the forms of vocabulary checking in your workbooks (p. 29, 32, 35, 38,40, 52).


Part Three. Grammar. (15 points) – All Grammar we covered: page 144 and 145!!! PLUS: on the blog

You need to study and practice grammatical features covered in Units 6-10
Unit 6: Expressions for making suggestions: why don’t, let’s[not], maybe…could, how about); Unit 7: Be and have with physical descriptions (‘be’ with people’s age, height, weight/ ‘have’ with eyes, hair, facial hair, parts of the body, etc); Unit 8: Say and tell; Unit 9: would like/like, would prefer/ prefer; Unit 10: Future tense- ‘will’ for predicting

Grammar testing may have any of the grammar testing forms used in the workbook (pages 30, 33, 36, 39, 41, 44,53).

Part Four. Writing. (15 points)

Part of your regular homework was writing assignments. You will be given a choice of two topics to write . Please choose ONLY ONE topic, NOT BOTH!!. Possible Topics:
1. Write your dating video script (describe yourself: age, height, appearance, personal characteristics, hobbies/interests; describe your ideal partner (12-15 sentences)
2. a short review of a movie: the title, the genre, starring, plot, what you like most about it, what you don’t like about it; would your recommend it. (12-15 sentences)
The dialog

*****************************
Final oral presentation: 20%

Students will choose a partner or two partners to work with. First, you will write an original script loosely based on the topics in the textbook Worldview 2. If you don’t like any of the topics in the book, you can choose any topic that you like. For example, you may choose to create a restaurant scene, a visit to a doctor, talking about travel, marriage/blind dates, etc. You will hand in the script to me before your presentation is about to take place. Second, you will memorize the script and act it out in front of the whole class.

The script guidelines:

The script must contain at least 10 expressions and 3 grammatical features learned in class. Each time you use an expression or grammar learned in class you MUST underline or boldface it, or both (like I did here with words underline, boldface and both. .) If you don’t do so, you will get “0”(zero) points on the ‘Vocabulary’ category in your evaluation rubric.

Presentation guidelines:
-know your lines and speak naturally. Pay attention to your pronunciation and the clarity of your speech.
-act: be natural and relaxed, not rigid and nervous.
-use costumes and props, music, posters…anything that might impress the teacher – me!

****Remember, you will not be allowed to read during your presentation.****

If you need more assistance and guidance, please visit me in my office or call to schedule an appointment.
EVALUATION RUBRIC


CONTENT (QUALITY OF THE SCRIPT


Choice of topic/level of interest
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Grammar (3 at least)

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Vocabulary (slang, idioms; 10 learned in class)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Creativity/Originality

1, 2, 3, 4, 5


DELIVERY (QUALITY OF PRESENTATION)

Knowing your lines
(fluency)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Pronunciation and Clarity

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Acting

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Creativity (Costumes, Props, etc)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5


TOTAL (out of 40): ________________________

Thursday, June 01, 2006

PRS: June 2nd, Power Point Presentation Dos and Donts

Rules:
One Basic Rule that comes before all others: put up only your main points on the screen and use the screen as a reference. In other words, put up only the keywords to help audience focus on your message.

1.Use no more than 3 slides per minute
2.Do not use any fonts smaller than 28 pts.
3.Don’t use different colours and fonts on every slide – very distracting!
4.Use normal case (not all caps) and punctuate sparingly
5.Use light backgrounds with dark type when possible, but don’t use the background that is too bright – it will hurt your audience’s eyes. Also, do not use combinations that are difficult to read such as red/green, brown/green, blue/black, blue/purple.
6.Put no more than 6 words on a line.
7.Use no more than 6 lines per slide.
8.Use the full screen, do not crowd the text at the top of the screen
9.Do not use too many animation effects! They are very distracting and they will make you look like a show-off!
10.Avoid turning your back to the audience
11. When possible, rehearse your presentation in the actual room and check out the readability from the back of the room.

MORE ABOUT PP PRESENTATIONS

1. Power Point makes slides – You give Presentations

Even though you are able to produce eye catching slides and graphics, bear in mind that the audience has come to hear you, not merely to stare at images tossed onto a screen. Let not your screen be more compelling than what you are saying. Remember: PowerPoint doesn't give presentations — PowerPoint makes slides, and you are the one who creates slides to support a spoken presentation.

2. Keep it simple.

Don’t appear to be in love with every single special effect and gadgetry available in the Power Point software. The most effective PowerPoint presentations are simple — charts that are easy to understand, and graphics that reflect what the speaker is saying. Remember no more than five –six words per line and no more than five-six lines per individual slide. Whatever you do, don’t jamble your screen with too many words and graphics. "Do you really need to have everything up on the screen?” Of course, you don’t!
3. Minimize numbers in slides.

PowerPoint's beauty is its capacity to convey ideas and support a speaker's remarks in a concise manner. Although in your Persuasive Speech I don’t expect to see lots of statistics and numbers, I’m giving you this hint for future reference: most effective PowerPoint displays don't overwhelm viewers with too many figures and numbers. Instead, leave those for a later, more thorough digestion in handouts distributed at presentation's end. If you want to emphasize a statistic in PowerPoint, consider using a graphic or image to convey the point.

4. Don't parrot PowerPoint.

Too many presents commit the worst sin of Power Point presentations: they simply read the visual presentation to the audience. If you are going to do that, you might as well sit down and let the audience read by themselves. Remember that even the most visually appealing presentation is boring the audience to the bone if it’s read. Make sure that you’re communicating with the audience, speaking to them, rather than reading to them. Even with PowerPoint, you've got to make eye contact with your audience – nobody wants to see the back of your head.

5. Time your remarks.

Another potential land mine is a speaker's comments that coincide precisely with the appearance of a fresh PowerPoint slide. That merely splits your audience's attention. A well-orchestrated PowerPoint program first brings up a new slide, gives the audience a chance to read and digest it, then follows up with remarks that broaden and amplify what's on the screen.

6. Give it a rest.

Again, PowerPoint is most effective as a visual accompaniment to the spoken word. Don’t be afraid to let your screen go blank on occasion. Not only can that give your audience a visual break, it's also effective to focus attention on more verbally-focused give and take, such as a group discussion or question and answer session.

7. Use vibrant colors.

A striking contrast between words, graphics and the background can be very effective in conveying both a message and emotion. Remember: audience responds best to dark font on light background, if possible.

9. Distribute handouts at the end — not during the presentation.

If you’ve prepared handouts for your audience, distribute them after your presentation. You don’t want to present to a crowd that's busy reading a summation of your remarks, unless, of course, it is very important that people follow a handout while you're presenting.
To read more about dos and don’ts of Power Point Presentations, go to:
http://www.uncw.edu/cte/events/fall04/pptdos&donts/img0.html
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HOMEWORK:
On the second page of the "Job Interviews" handout, you'll find a page entitled "Personal Inventory." Take time to read the questions and answer in keyword form. For example:
1. Interestests
What are te things I really like to do?
creative writing, hiking
What are the things I do not like to do?
public speaking,working with numbers
ETC.